Fitzpatrick, Joyce J. and McCarthy, Geraldine (2010) Boyer and scholarship revisited. Applied Nursing Research, 23 (3). p. 121.
There has been considerable attention within the nursing research and education literature about creating a research culture. Yet, there is little attention to a culture of scholarship. Given the characteristics of nursing as a professional academic discipline, academic leaders should present a broad vision of scholarship and encourage a wide range of inquiry. Boyer's (1997) expanded definition of scholarship includes four dimensions: discovery, integration, application, and teaching. Discovery is best exemplified through traditional research methods, the discovery and dissemination of new knowledge in the discipline.